Text (with hotlink) | Original Language | Biographical Info | Religion | Date of Composition | Location Composed | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ibn al-Jawzi | Arabic | Ibn al-Jawzi was a 20th generation descendant of caliph Abu Bakr, the father-in-law of the prophet Muhammad (de Somogyi, 1932:51). He was born in Baghdad around 1115 CE and died there in 1200 CE (de Somogyi, 1932:52). A true bibliophile, he is reported to have spent most of a considerable inherited fortune in purchasing books (de Somogyi, 1932:52). He was a preacher and a prolific author whose output numbers at least in the hundreds of volumes and may have reached, as he claimed, a thousand (de Somogyi, 1932:54). | Hanbali Sunni Muslim | 2nd half of the 12th c. CE | Baghdad | Ambraseys (2009)
found a reference to this earthquake in Ibn al-Jauzi, Sedhut. I85a |
as-Suyuti | Arabic | al-Suyuti is presently recognized
as the most prolific author in the whole of Islamic literature(E. Geoffroy in Encyclopedia of Islam v. 9, 1991:913-916). He was widely read and famous across the Islamic world during his lifetime and was known for extreme self-confidence in his mental abilities (e.g. he had memorized 200,000 hadiths and was a polymath) which mingled with arrogance and created acrimonious relations inside Egypt (E. Geoffroy in Encyclopedia of Islam v. 9, 1991:913-916). E. Geoffroy in Encyclopedia of Islam v. 9 (1991:913-916) describes his procedure as scientific in so far as he quotes his sources with precision and presents them in a critical wayand states that he cannot be considered as a mere compiler. He may have authored close to a thousand books writing on many subjects (e.g., History, Biography) besides religion and Islamic jurisprudence. as-Suyuti was born in Egypt in 1445 CE and at the age of eighteen taught Shafi'i law at the mosque of Shaykhu and gave juridicial consultations. In 1472 CE, he became a teacher of hadith at the same mosque. In 1486 CE at the age of 40, as-Suyuti retired from public life. By 1501 CE, he had completely isolated himself in his home on Rawda Island in Cairo where he worked on the editing and revision of his literary works. He died there in 1505 CE (E. Geoffroy in Encyclopedia of Islam v. 9, 1991:913-916). His book Clearing up the Description of Earthquakes is a valuable reference for historical earthquakes and is one of the earliest extant earthquake catalogs. |
Sufi Muslim | 15th c. CE | Cairo | States that there was an earthquake in Tiberias in A.H. 239 (12 June 853 - 1 June 854 CE) |
Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali | Arabic | Ibn al-Imad was born in Damascus in 1623 CE and lived in Cairo for a long time before returning to Damascus to teach. He died in 1679 CE (wikipedia and F. Rosenthal in Encyclopedia of Islam v. 3, 1991:807). In 1670 CE, he completed Fragments of Gold in the Accounts of Those Who Have Departed (Shadharat al-dhahab fi akhbar man dhahab) which is an annalistically arranged biographical history covering A.H. 1-1000 (F. Rosenthal in Encyclopedia of Islam v. 3, 1991:807). | Hanbali Sunni Muslim | 1670 CE | Damascus | States that
During the night, the earth shook at Tiberias. The mountains shook, and then a big rock — eighty cubits by fifty — split open, and so... Many people died |
Text (with hotlink) | Original Language | Biographical Info | Religion | Date of Composition | Location Composed | Notes |
Location (with hotlink) | Status | Intensity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Tiberias - Introduction | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Tiberias - Mount Berineke | possible | Archaeoseismic Evidence from the church on top of Mount Berineke is undated ( Ferrario et al, 2014) | |
Tiberias - Gane Hammat | possible | ≥ 7 | End of Phase III destruction layer - ~9th century CE -
Onn and Weksler-Bdolah (2016) wrote the following about the end of Phase III
A thin layer of ash covered the tombs. Above it were the remains of walls and pebble floors. This layer represents an Early Islamic habitation that dates from the second half of the eighth century CE, probably after the earthquake of 749 CE, until the first half of the ninth century CE, when it reached its peak. A destruction layer, possibly caused by the earthquake that struck in 853 CE [i.e., Tiberias Landslide Quake], sealed the buildings. |
Al-Muwaqqar | possible | ≥ 8 | 9th century CE earthquake - Najjar (1989) identified two destruction levels
in Area IV at Al-Muwaqqar which he described as follows:
A second architectural phase and occupation was excavated in the Palace. It is obvious from Sq. D5 (W.12), A2 (W.4) and oven (tannur) loc.4, D3 (W.16, 17) and H 14 (W.18, 19) that all these walls belong to a second phase of occupation. It seems that after a partial destruction of the Palace by the earthquake of A.D. 747, the remains of the Palace were used by the local population. The destruction layer was cleared (the walls of the second phase were built directly above the flagstone pavement of the Umayyad Palace) and the Palace and its surrounding area (Sq. H14) were reoccupied. |
Location (with hotlink) | Status | Intensity | Notes |
Location (with hotlink) | Status | Minimum PGA (g) | Likely PGA (g) | Likely Intensity1 | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Umm el-Qanatir | possible | 0.36 | 0.5 | 8.2 | Archeoseismic evidence suggests Intensity ≥ 8 |
Fishing Dock Landslide | possible | 0.15 - 0.5 | 0.5 | 8.2 | undated landslide |
Ein Gev Landslide | possible | 0.37 | ? | ≥7.7 | dated to younger than 5 ka BP |
Location (with hotlink) | Status | Minimum PGA (g) | Likely PGA (g) | Likely Intensity1 | Comments |
Location (with hotlink) | Status | Intensity | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Jordan Valley - Dir Hagla Trench | possible to unlikely | ≥ 7 | Reches and Hoexter (1981) dated Event B to 700-900 CE. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dead Sea - Seismite Types | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dead Sea - En Feshka | probable | 5.8 - 7.5 (104 cm.) 5.7 - 7.1 (110.5 cm.) 8.0 - 8.8 (113 cm.) |
Kagan et. al. (2011)
identified several seismites from around this time.
|
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Dead Sea - En Gedi | possible | 5.6 - 7.0 | Migowski et. al. (2004) assigned a 859 CE date to a 0.8 cm. thick linear wave (Type 1) seismite at a depth of 169.8 cm. (1.698 m). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dead Sea - Nahal Ze 'elim | unlikely | At site ZA-2, Kagan et. al. (2011) did not find any seismites whose time window encompassed the 850-854 CE Tiberias Landslide Quake. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Araba - Introduction | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Araba - Qasr Tilah | possible | ≥ 7 | Haynes et al. (2006) dated Events II and III to between the 7th and 12th centuries CE. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Araba - Taybeh Trench | unlikely | LeFevre et al. (2018) did not find any seismic events whose time window encompassed the 850-854 CE Tiberias Landslide Quake. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Araba - Qatar Trench | possible | ≥ 7 | Klinger et. al. (2015) dated Event Esupp1 to 925 CE ± 119 (806-1044 CE). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Location (with hotlink) | Status | Intensity | Notes |