29 November 1114 CE Marash Earthquake Open site page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab

Not long after the initial shock sequence associated with the 29 November 1114 CE Marash earthquake, reports from Mamistra intensified the sense of regional catastrophe. Writing contemporaneously from Antioch, one of the affected cities, Walter the Chancellor records that testimony arrived from Mamistra shortly after the event. Although Walter does not describe specific structural damage or loss of life, the context of his notice implies that the town had suffered destruction. A broader picture is preserved in Armenian historiography. Matthew of Edessa, who probably experienced the earthquake from a monastery just outside of Samosata, states that during the same night as the earthquake “Samosata, Hisn-Mansur, Kesoun, and Raban were destroyed,” while Marash suffered devastation so complete that “not one person survived,” and that “the same thing happened to the town of Mamistra, where a countless number of men and women perished.” Writing more than a century later, but drawing on earlier traditions, especially Matthew of Edessa, the Chronicle of Smbat Sparapet similarly enumerates a chain of ruined cities, noting that “Antioch collapsed, as well as Mecis, Hisn-Mansur, Kayšum, Ablastha, Rʿaban, and Samosata.” The toponym Mecis is to be understood as a reference to Mamistra, given its close similarity to Msis, which is the Armenian name for the town.

By Jefferson Williams