13 November 1114 CE Mamistra Earthquake Open site page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab

The first destructive earthquake affecting Mamistra in November 1114 CE occurred on the feast of St Brice on the 13th of November in 1114 CE. Writing contemporaneously but from a distance in Jerusalem, Fulcher of Chartres records succinctly that “on the Ides of November [13 November], an earthquake at Mamistra destroyed a part of the city.” A more immediate and locally informed perspective is provided by Walter the Chancellor, who was living in Antioch at the time. Walter reports that Mamistra was “ruined with its citizens and the greater part of the town” on the feast of St Brice, confirming that the damage of 13 November was severe and locally remembered as predating the earthquake of 29 November. This distinction is significant, as later authors sometimes conflated the two events.

Writing more than two centuries later in Venice, Andrea Dandolo describes a tremendous earthquake devastating Cilicia, Mamistra, and surrounding fortresses, with dramatic emphasis on destruction and panic. Dandolo was not contemporaneous and cites no sources; his wider narrative appears to conflate the earthquakes of 13 and 29 November 1114 CE into a single episode. As such, his account is best understood as a later synthesis reflecting the cumulative memory of the November earthquake sequence; in the specific passage quoted here he is probably preserving elements derived from the 13 November event, but the degree of conflation remains somewhat uncertain. Nevertheless, comparison with the contemporaneous notices makes it reasonable to infer that the 13 November earthquake was probably centered in Cilicia and that it did cause damage at Mamistra, even if the precise scope of the effects in Dandolo’s formulation cannot be isolated with full confidence.

By Jefferson Williams