749 CE Sabbatical Year Earthquake(s) Open site page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab Open text page in a new tab

Early Latin sources— Paul the Deacon and Anastasius Bibliothecarius—reported that a spring “moved” during the northern Syria located Talking Mule Quake of the Sabbatical Year sequence. Neither specified a location, and this hydrological detail likely belongs not to the Talking Mule event but to the Holy Desert Quake, which—unlike the Talking Mule Quake— struck the Sea of Gallilee and Jordan Valey and would have produced substantial shaking in Jericho. Several centuries later, Syriac chroniclers blended these two earthquakes together but also supplied a location and more details. Michael the Syrian wrote that “the spring next to Jericho moved six miles from its original location,” while Chronicon Ad Annum 1234 stated that the spring remained in place but the river it supplied shifted six miles from its former course. The Chronicon places this at Jericho and associates the event with riverside palatial installations. Although the Chronicon attributes these structures to Sulayman ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, the attribution is almost certainly mistaken. No evidence indicates that Sulayman constructed any buildings at Jericho. In contrast, there are extensive palatial, garden, bath, and hydraulic remains near Jericho built during the Umayyad period, commonly known as Hisham’s Palace. The Chronicon’s description of palaces, gardens, and mills beside the spring corresponds closely to this complex, indicating that the chronicler likely preserved a real memory of earthquake damage at Hisham’s Palace, while misidentifying the caliph associated with its construction.

By Jefferson Williams