Harran

Harran

Ruins of Medieval City on top of Tell Harran

Click on Image to open a higher resolution magnifiable photo in a new tab

Photo by Jefferson Williams (2014)

Names

Transliterated Name	Source	Name
Harran	Modern Turkish
Haran	Modern Turkish
Carrhae-Harran	some scholars
Uru.Šà.Kaska	Sumerian and Hittite Cuneiform Records
Kaskal	Sumerian and Hittite Cuneiform Records
Ḫarrānu(m)	Sumerian and Hittite Cuneiform Records
Ḫarrānu	Sumerian and Hittite Cuneiform Records
Kárrhai	Greek	Kάρραι
Huzrina	Ancient Assyrian
Carrhae	Latin
Hellenopolis	Byzantine Greek	Eλληνóπoλις
hrn	Aramaic	ܚܳܪܳܢ
Haran	Hebrew	חָרָן
Harran	Arabic	حَرَّان
Harran	Ottoman Turkish	حران

Introduction

Carrhae (Haran) from The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites

from The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites

Aerial Views, Plans, and Illustrations

Aerial Views

Harran in Google Earth

Harran in Google Earth

click on image to explore this site on a new tab in Google Earth

Plans

Site Plans

Normal Size

Fig. 3 General Plan of

Fig. 3

General Plan of Harran

Lloyd and Brice (1951)

Harran from Lloyd and Brice (1951)

Magnified

Fig. 3 General Plan of

Fig. 3

General Plan of Harran

Lloyd and Brice (1951)

Harran from Lloyd and Brice (1951)

Illustrations

Harran as it looked

Harran as it looked before its abandonment in the 13th century

Wikipedia - Abdurrahman Biri - Original publication: Harran University - Fair Use

before its abandonment in the 13th century from wikipedia

Notes and Further Reading

References

Articles and Books

Gadd, C. J. (1958). The Harran Inscriptions of Nabonidus. Anatolian Studies, 8, 35–92.

Gadd, C. J. (1958). The Harran Inscriptions of Nabonidus. Anatolian Studies, 8, 35–92. - at JSTOR

Lloyd, S., & Brice, W. (1951). Harran. Anatolian Studies, 1, 77–111.

Lloyd, S., & Brice, W. (1951). Harran. Anatolian Studies, 1, 77–111. - at JSTOR

Rice, D. S. (1952). Medieval Ḥarrān: Studies on Its Topography and Monuments, I. Anatolian Studies , 2, 36–84.

Rice, D. S. (1952). Medieval Ḥarrān: Studies on Its Topography and Monuments, I. Anatolian Studies , 2, 36–84. - at JSTOR

Segal, J. B. (1963) Chapter IX The Sabian Mysteries The planet cult of ancient Harran in E. Bacon, Vanished Civilizations (1963) 201. - can be borrowed with a free account from archive.org

References from Wikipedia

from wikipedia

Angelo, Joseph A. (2014). Encyclopedia of Space and Astronomy. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4381-1018-9.
Aslan, Ahmet (2021). "Harran Ulu (Firdevs) Camii'nin İnşa, Genişleme ve Yıkılış Süreci". Harran İlahiyat Dergisi (in Turkish) (46): 55–72. doi:10.30623/hij.1037032. S2CID 245397794.
Başaran, Tahsin (2011). "Thermal Analysis of the Domed Vernacular Houses of Harran, Turkey". Indoor and Built Environment. 20 (5): 543–554. doi:10.1177/1420326X11411237. hdl:11147/4944. ISSN 1420-326X. S2CID 111251812.
Beaulieu, Paul-Alain (1989). Reign of Nabonidus, King of Babylon (556-539 BC). Yale University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctt2250wnt. ISBN 9780300043143. JSTOR j.ctt2250wnt. OCLC 20391775.
Binici, Hanifi; Binici, Fatih; Akcan, Mehmet; Yardim, Yavuz; Mustafaraj, Enea; Corradi, Marco (2020). "Physical–Mechanical and Mineralogical Properties of Fired Bricks of the Archaeological Site of Harran, Turkey". Heritage. 3 (3): 1018–1034. doi:10.3390/heritage3030055. ISSN 2571-9408.
Bienkowski, Piotr; Millard, Alan Ralph (2000). Dictionary of the Ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-3557-9.
Blankinship, Khalid Yahya (1994). The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
Bosworth, C. E. (2003). "ḤARRĀN". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XII, Fasc. 1. pp. 13–14.
Dalley, Stephanie; Reyes, A. T.; Pingree, David; Salvesen, Alison; McCall, Henrietta (1998). The Legacy of Mesopotamia. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-814946-0.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Harran" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 16.
Dalley, Stephanie (2003). "The Hanging Gardens of Babylon?". Herodotus and His World: Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199253746.
Djebbar, Ahmed (2005). L'algèbre arabe: genèse d'un art (in French). Vuibert. ISBN 978-2-7117-5381-9.
Esztári, Réka; Vér, Ádám (2015). "The Voices of Ištar: Prophetesses and Female Ecstatics in the Neo-Assyrian Empire". Religion and Female Body in Ancient Judaism and Its Environments. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783110410099. ISBN 9783110406535.
Finegan, Jack (2019). Archaeological History Of The Ancient Middle East. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-72638-5.
Farrokh, Kaveh; Maksymiuk, Katarzyna; Gracia, Javier Sánchez (2018). The Siege of Amida (359 CE). Siedlce University. ISBN 978-83-7051-887-5.
Frew, Donald (1999). "Harran: Last Refuge of Classical Paganism". The Pomegranate: The International Journal of Pagan Studies. 13 (9): 17–29. doi:10.1558/pome.v13i9.17.
Gil, Moshe (1997) [1983]. A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Translated by Ethel Broido. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-59984-9.
Glassé, Cyril (2003). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 978-0-7591-0190-6.
Gordon, Edmund I. (1967). "The Meaning of the Ideogram dKASKAL.KUR = "Underground Water-Course" and Its Significance for Bronze Age Historical Geography". Journal of Cuneiform Studies. 21: 70–88. doi:10.2307/1359360. ISSN 0022-0256. JSTOR 1359360. S2CID 163463497.
Gray, Eric William; Sherwin-White, Susan Mary; Spek, R. J. van der (2015). "Carrhae". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.1389. ISBN 978-0-19-938113-5. Retrieved 2022-08-27.
Green, Tamara M. (1992). The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran. Brill. ISBN 9789004301429.
Gurney, Oliver (1990). "Sultantepe and Harran". Ancient Anatolia: Fifty Years' Work by the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara. British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara. ISBN 978-0-9954656-9-5.
Hauser, Stefan R. (2012), "Carrhae", in Bagnall, Roger S; Brodersen, Kai; Champion, Craige B; Erskine, Andrew (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., doi:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah14067, ISBN 978-1-4443-3838-6
Hauser, Stefan R. (2017). "Post-Imperial Assyria". In E. Frahm (ed.). A Companion to Assyria. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-32524-7.
Healey, John F. (2018). "The Pre-Christian Religions of the Syriac-Speaking Regions". In King, Daniel (ed.). The Syriac World. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-48211-6.
Holloway, Steven W. (1995). "Harran: Cultic Geography in the Neo-Assyrian Empire and its Implications for Sennacherib's 'Letter to Hezekiah' in 2 Kings". The Pitcher is Broken: Memorial Essays for Gösta W. Ahlström. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-567-63671-3.
Hutton, Ronald (2006) [2003]. Witches, Druids and King Arthur. New York: Hambledon Continuum. ISBN 1-85285-555-X.
Khalilieh, Hassan (2006). Admiralty and Maritime Laws in the Mediterranean Sea (ca. 800-1050): The Kitāb Akriyat al-Sufun vis-à-vis the Nomos Rhodion Nautikos. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-474-1029-4.
Lambert, Wilfred G. (1972). "Nabonidus in Arabia". Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies. 2: 53–64. JSTOR 41222956.
Leggett, Eugene (1885). Notes on the Mint-towns and Coins of the Mohamedans from the Earliest Period of the Present Time: With Map and a Table Showing the Dinars, Dirhems and Fulus of the Amawee and Abasee Khaleefehs from the Year 79 to 332 A.H. Stevens & Sons.
Leick, Gwendolyn (2009). Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6324-8.
Lipschits, Oled (2005). The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem: Judah under Babylonian Rule. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1575060958.
Lloyd, Seton; Brice, William; Gadd, C. J. (1951). "Harran". Anatolian Studies. 1: 77–111. doi:10.2307/3642359. ISSN 2048-0849. JSTOR 3642359. S2CID 240812354.
Maksymiuk, Katarzyna (2018). "Strategic aims of Šāpur II during the campaign in northern Mesopotamia (359-360)". Historia i Świat. 7: 87–97. doi:10.34739/his.2018.07.05. hdl:11331/2484. ISSN 2299-2464. S2CID 217236938.
Niehr, Herbert (2014). The Aramaeans in Ancient Syria. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-22943-3.
Önal, Mehmet. 2019a. "Çarşı Hamamı." pp. 325–360 in Mehmet Önal, Süheyla İrem Mutlu and Semih Mutlu (eds), Harran ve Çevresi: Arkeoloji. Şanlıurfa: Elif Matbaası.
Önal, Mehmet. 2019b. "Doğu Çarşısı." pp. 299–324 in Mehmet Önal, Süheyla İrem Mutlu and Semih Mutlu (eds), Harran ve Çevresi: Arkeoloji. Şanlıurfa: Elif Matbaası.
Önal, Mehmet. 2019c. "Harran'da Bulunan Kürevi Konik Kaplar." pp. 361–418 in Mehmet Önal, Süheyla İrem Mutlu and Semih Mutlu (eds), Harran ve Çevresi: Arkeoloji. Şanlıurfa: Elif Matbaası.
Önal, Mehmet. 2019d. "Harran 2017 Yılı Çalışmaları." pp. 633–650 in 40. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı. 2. cilt (07-11 Mayıs 2019, Çanakkale). Ankara: T. C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlıǧı / Kültür Varlıkları ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüǧü.
Önal, Mehmet and Alain Desreumaux. 2019. "The Fragment of a Woman['s] Statue with Syriac Inscription [was] Found in Harran Excavation." pp. 241–249 in Mehmet Önal, Süheyla İrem Mutlu and Semih Mutlu (eds), Harran ve Çevresi: Arkeoloji. Şanlıurfa: Elif Matbaası.
Özdeniz, M. B; Bekleyen, A; Gönül, I. A; Gönül, H; Sarigül, H; Ilter, T; Dalkiliç, N; Yildirim, M (1998). "Vernacular domed houses of Harran, Turkey". Habitat International. 22 (4): 477–485. doi:10.1016/S0197-3975(98)00027-7. ISSN 0197-3975.
Pingree, David (2002). "The Ṣābians of Ḥarrān and the Classical Tradition". International Journal of the Classical Tradition. 9 (1): 8–35. doi:10.1007/BF02901729. ISSN 1073-0508. JSTOR 30224282. S2CID 170507750.
Potts, D. T. (2013). "Mesopotamian and Persian Migrations". The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration. Wiley. doi:10.1002/9781444351071.wbeghm364. ISBN 978-1-4443-3489-0.
Radner, Karen (2003). "The Trials of Esarhaddon: The Conspiracy of 670 BC". ISIMU: Revista sobre Oriente Próximo y Egipto en la antigüedad. 6. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid: 165–183.
Radner, Karen (2019). "Last Emperor or Crown Prince Forever? Aššur-uballiṭ II of Assyria according to Archival Sources". State Archives of Assyria Studies. 28: 135–142.
Reade, Julian (2011). "The Evolution of Assyrian Imperial Architecture: Political Implications and Uncertainties". Mesopotamia. XLVI: 109–125. ISSN 0076-6615.
Rice, D. S. (1952). "Medieval Ḥarrān: Studies on Its Topography and Monuments, I". Anatolian Studies. 2: 36–84. doi:10.2307/3642366. ISSN 0066-1546. JSTOR 3642366. S2CID 129270461.
Robinson, Chase F. (1996). "Ibn al-Azraq, His "Ta'rīkh Mayyāfāriqīn", and Early Islam". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 6 (1): 7–27. doi:10.1017/S1356186300014747. ISSN 1356-1863. JSTOR 25183117. S2CID 162208139.
Rogers, Edward Thomas (1875). "Notice on the Dînârs of the Abbasside Dynasty". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 7: 262–305. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00016488. S2CID 163155102.
Salman, Barış (2008). "Family, Death and Afterlife According to Mosaics of the Abgar Royal Period in the Region of Osroene". Journal of Mosaic Research (1): 103–115. ISSN 1309-047X.
Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.
Talhamy, Yvette (2010). "The Fatwas and the Nusayri/Alawis of Syria". Middle Eastern Studies. 46 (2): 175–194. doi:10.1080/00263200902940251. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 20720657. S2CID 144709130.
Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
Vedeshkin, Mikhail A. (2018). "Bribe and Punishment: To the Question of Persistence of Pagan Cults in Late Antiquity". Schole. 12 (1): 259–275.
Yiğiter, Reyhan Genli; Yirmibeşoğlu, Funda (2011). "Local Agenda 21 and sustainable development: The case of Harran, Turkey". Urbani Izziv. 22 (1): 144–153. doi:10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2011-22-01-006. ISSN 0353-6483. JSTOR 24920564.

Websites

Harran at Encyclopaedia Iranica

Harran at livius.org

Harran/Carrhae at Pleiades

Wikipedia pages

Harran

from wikipedia

Harran Castle

from wikipedia

Harran (biblical place)

from wikipedia

Sabians

from wikipedia