Event 4 in trench T-10 was identified on a Holocene alluvial fan surface within the marginal fault zone of the Elat fault system in the southern Arava Valley. Trench T-10 was excavated across a north-trending fault trace associated with the marginal normal fault system affecting the alluvial-fan surfaces of Wadi Roded, Wadi Shehoret, and Wadi Avrona. The broader marginal fault zone is characterized by normal faulting arranged in a domino structure across the alluvial-fan surfaces of the southern Arava Valley. Amit et al. (2002) describe this marginal fault zone as a series of north-trending normal faults that deform late Pleistocene and Holocene surfaces and generate linear scarps, saddles, and localized extensional structures. Event 4 produced approximately 0.1 m of vertical displacement, indicating comparatively minor surface rupture within the Holocene alluvial sequence. Amit et al. (2002) note that displacement amounts vary substantially between trenches and between individual rupture events, reflecting differences in local fault geometry, sediment preservation, and the partitioning of strain along the broader Elat fault system.

Event 4 in trench T-10 was dated using a combination of pedogenic interpretation and luminescence dating. Amit et al. (2002) estimate that the event occurred at approximately 5 ± 1.5 ka, corresponding approximately to 3000 ± 1500 BCE, or roughly 4500-1500 BCE. Using the Wells and Coppersmith (1994) maximum-displacement relation for normal faults, a vertical displacement of 0.1 m corresponds to an estimated moment magnitude of approximately M_W 5.9.

• Fig. 2 Geomorphic Map of the
  Figure 2
  
  Map of the southern Arava Valley showing the main morphologic and morphotectonic elements of the southern Arava Valley. Notice marginal and central fault zones, the distribution of the trenches across the selected fault lines, and the location of the seismic lines. Trenches T-6, T-17, and T-16 are located along the same fault line.
  
  JW: Trench T-20 apppears to be mislocated on this map and should be further north
  
  click on image to open in a new tab
  
  Amit et al. (2002)
  southern Arava showing the location of Trench T-10 from Amit et al. (2002)
• Fig. 2 Geomorphic Map of the
  Figure 2
  
  Geomorphic map of the southern Arava valley in the Avrona basin.
  
  click on image to open in a new tab
  
  Zilberman et al. (2005)
  southern Arava from Zilberman et al. (2005)