Elat Sabhka Trenches

Master Seismic Events Table



Charts, Plots, Maps, Images, etc.
Elat Sabhka Trenches

Description Image Source
Location Map Fig. 1 - from Kanari et al (2020)
Bathymetric Map Fig. 2a - from Kanari et al (2020)
Seismic Profile Fig. 2b - from Kanari et al (2020)
Faults on 1945 Aerial Photo Fig. 3a - from Kanari et al (2020)
Faults on Satellite Image Fig. 3b - from Kanari et al (2020)
Seismic line GI-2108 Fig. 4a - from Kanari et al (2020)
Seismic line SI-4047 Fig. 4b - from Kanari et al (2020)
Seismic line GI-2210 Fig. 4c - from Kanari et al (2020)
Trench Log T3 fault zone Fig. 5b - from Kanari et al (2020)
Trench Log T3 fault zone
(detailed blowup)
Fig. 5a - from Kanari et al (2020)
Trench Log T3 sand blow 1 Fig. 6a - from Kanari et al (2020)
Trench Log T3 sand blow 2
photomosaic
Fig. 6b - from Kanari et al (2020)
Trench Log T1 liquefaction
fluid escape structures
Fig. 6c - from Kanari et al (2020)
liquefaction evidence from
the 1995 Nuweiba M 7.2 earthquake
Fig. 6d - from Kanari et al (2020)
map of trenches T1 and T3 area Fig. 6e - from Kanari et al (2020)
Sediment accumulation rate
estimation for trench T3
Fig. 7 - from Kanari et al (2020)
T3 Radiocarbon age model
units L6 and L7 plus SB1 and SB2
Fig. 8a - from Kanari et al (2020)
T3 Radiocarbon age model
Events E1 and E2
Fig. 8b - from Kanari et al (2020)
Active fault map
for Avrona Fault Zone
Fig. 9 - from Kanari et al (2020)
Map showing location of cores and trenches Figure 2 - from Kanari et al (2015)
Grain size distribution and
14C age determinations of core P27
Figure 4 - from Kanari et al (2015)
Grain size distributions
of cores P17, P22, and P29
Figure 5 - from Kanari et al (2015)

Calculators
Normal Fault Displacement

Source - Wells and Coppersmith (1994)

Variable Input Units Notes
cm.
cm.
m/s Enter a value of 655 for no site effect
Equation comes from Darvasi and Agnon (2019)
Variable Output - not considering a Site Effect Units Notes
unitless Moment Magnitude for Avg. Displacement
unitless Moment Magnitude for Max. Displacement
Variable Output - Site Effect Removal Units Notes
unitless Reduce Intensity Estimate by this amount
to get a pre-amplification value of Intensity
  

Site Effect Explanation

The value given for Intensity with site effect removed is how much you should subtract from your Intensity estimate to obtain a pre-amplification value for Intensity. For example if the output is 0.5 and you estimated an Intensity of 8, your pre-amplification Intensity is now 7.5. An Intensity estimate with the site effect removed is helpful in producing an Intensity Map that will do a better job of "triangulating" the epicentral area. If you enter a VS30 greater than 655 m/s you will get a positive number, indicating that the site amplifies seismic energy. If you enter a VS30 less than 655 m/s you will get a negative number, indicating that the site attenuates seismic energy rather than amplifying it. Intensity Reduction (Ireduction) is calculated based on Equation 6 from Darvasi and Agnon (2019).

VS30 Explanation

VS30 is the average seismic shear-wave velocity from the surface to a depth of 30 meters at earthquake frequencies (below ~5 Hz.). Darvasi and Agnon (2019) estimated VS30 for a number of sites in Israel. If you get VS30 from a well log, you will need to correct for intrinsic dispersion. There is a seperate geometric dispersion correction usually applied when processing the waveforms however geometric dispersion corrections are typically applied to a borehole Flexural mode generated from a Dipole source and for Dipole sources propagating in the first 30 meters of soft sediments, modal composition is typically dominated by the Stoneley wave. Shear from Stoneley estimates are approximate at best. This is a subject not well understood and widely ignored by the Geotechnical community and/or Civil Engineers but understood by a few specialists in borehole acoustics. Other considerations will apply if you get VS30 value from a cross well survey or a shallow seismic survey where the primary consideration is converting shear slowness from survey frequency to Earthquake frequency. There are also ways to estimate shear slowness from SPT & CPT tests.

Estimate PGA of Sand Boils and Convert PGA to Intensity
Estimate PGA of Sand Boils Fig. 9.

Proposed boundary curves relating thickness of nonliquefiable surface layer to thickness of the liquefiable zone as a function of peak earthquake accelerations required to induce venting or ground rupturing at the surface. From Ishihara (1985).

Obermeier (1996)


Sand Blow Sand Blow Thickness (m) Thickness of Surface Layer (m)
SB1 0.5 ?
SB2 0.3 ?
Variable Input Units Notes
g Peak Horizontal Ground Acceleration
Variable Output
(No Site Effect)
Units Notes
unitless Conversion from PGA to Intensity using Wald et al (1999)
  

References
References