Event CH4-E3 - Modeled Age 250-310 CE
At the
deltaic site of Bet Zeyda (aka Beteiha), just north of the
Sea of Galilee (aka Lake Kinneret),
three-dimensional paleoseismic investigations
were conducted by multiple researchers over a number
of years using numerous trenches. The studies
examined a series of ~E–W-oriented
paleo-channels intersected and
sinistrally displaced by the ~N–S-trending
active Jordan Gorge Fault, producing a detailed
chronology of fault activity over roughly the past
2,000 years, based on
radiocarbon dating of
detrital charcoal. Once outliers are
excluded, this material appears to have a
residence time of decades rather than
centuries (e.g. see
Marco et al., 2005:200). Results indicate that
seismic events were more frequent and produced
greater fault slip during the first millennium CE
than in the second, suggesting the region may be
approaching another period of heightened seismic
activity.
Wechsler et al. (2014:9) identified six
earthquakes in paleo-channel 4 (CH4).
Wechsler et al. (2018:216) add that channel 4
crossed the fault in an area where a long, linear,
and narrow
pressure ridge is interpreted to have
produced localized uplift east of the main fault,
while subsidence to the west caused sediment
thickening.
Wechsler et al. (2014:13) found evidence for
Event CH4-E3 primarily in Trench T39, although evidence was also identified in Trench T33.
Event CH4-E3 is associated with multiple
fault strands,
some of which re-ruptured during later seismic events.
Wechsler et al. (2014:13) also interpreted
thickening of certain sedimentary units into
"a shallow
synclinal form"
as a by-product of Event CH4-E3.
Wechsler et al. (2014:13) further observed
strata thinning
and terminating against the
fold scarp
of a pressure ridge, which was interpreted as additional
evidence of seismic deformation.
Wechsler et al. (2018:Table 3) date this event to
250–310 CE but were unable to estimate the offset
associated with it. Dating is based on a
Bayesian model of radiocarbon ages.
Wechsler et al. (2014:14) note that "the strata between events CH4-E3 and CH4-E4 are only dated by a single [radiocarbon] sample".