Hellenistic Earthquakes
Ellenblum et al. (2015:4) proposed that
an earthquake may be inferred from the
Hellenistic-period remains at Tel Anafa.
They noted that in this two-phase
Hellenistic settlement located about
20 km north of
Tel Ateret, “an abrupt
termination of a well-developed
settlement with elaborate construction”
(
Herbert in Stern et al. 1993:58–61, v. 1)
could be reinterpreted as the result of
earthquake destruction.
Herbert in Stern et al. (1993 v. 1)
did not report explicit evidence for
seismic damage in the Hellenistic
levels. They dated the construction of
a Late Hellenistic stuccoed building to
around 125 BCE, observing that “a coin
of
Alexander Zebina (128–125 BCE) found
in the
construction fill of the bath’s
southern room is the latest find under
any of the building’s original floors.”
They further noted that “a massive
leveling and terracing operation took
place with the construction of the Late
Hellenistic stuccoed building,
obliterating earlier architectural
remains.” Such large-scale reworking
could account for the absence of clear
second-century BCE archaeoseismic
indicators.
Numismatic evidence
and
stamped amphora handles indicate that the site
was abandoned in the second quarter of
the first century BCE. This chronology
parallels that of
Tel Ateret, which was
abandoned sometime after 65/64 BCE.
While no direct evidence links the
abandonment to seismic activity, such a
trigger remains a possibility.