• Fig. 1 - Major Roman trade routes in the vicinity of Moje Awad from Bar-Oz et al (2022)
  Figure 1
  
  Major Roman trade routes in the Negev and photographs of excavated sites. The red circles indicate the location of excavated dumps (photographs by R. Galili).
  
  Bar-Oz et al (2022)
• Fig. 8 - Aerial view of Sha’ar-Ramon
  Figure 8
  
  Aerial view of the Nabataean–Roman (first to second century AD) site of Sha’ar-Ramon and location of excavations (photograph by R. Galili).
  
  Bar-Oz et al (2022)
  from Bar-Oz et al (2022)
• Plan of the Nabataean caravanserai of Sha'ar Ramon
  Figure 17
  
  Plan of the Nabataean caravanserai of Sha'ar Ramon. (Courtesy of the Israel Antiquities Authority.)
  
  Erickson-Gini and Israel (2013)
  from Erickson-Gini and Israel (2013)

Cohen (1982:244) identified two building phases in most of the rooms at Sha'ar Ramon with the earlier phase containing artifacts of the 1st century CE: painted Nabataean bowls, jugs, juglets, and oil lamps and Nabataean coins from the reigns of Aretas IV [9 BCE - 40 CE] and Rabel II [70-106 CE]. Erickson-Gini and Israel (2013:39-41) estimate that during this initial phase, the caravanserai at Sha'ar Ramon was constructed in the Early Roman period. Cohen (1982:244) identified a 2nd phase which contained ceramic remains from the 2nd-3rd centuries CE including bowls, jugs, jars, and oil lamps as well as coins from the Roman Emperors Antonius Pius [138-161 CE], Commodius [176-192 CE], and Caracalla [198-217 CE]. Erickson-Gini and Israel (2013:39-41) report an additional later phase when the site was re-occupied at the end of the 3rd century CE during the reign of Diocletian [284-305 CE].

Like other sites along the Incense Road, Sha'ar Ramon was abandoned sometime after 222 CE and assemblages of whole Nabataean fine ware vessels of the post-annexation period were discovered in some of the rooms. Unlike the sites at Moyat Awad and Nahal Neqarot, which were never again occupied after the third century CE, some of the rooms in the Sha'ar Ramon caravanserai were reoccupied towards the end of the third century CE.
...
The reoccupation of part of the structure in this period coincides with the construction of Diocletian's army camp in nearby Oboda as well as the construction of the military bathhouse, and two towers that guarded the town (Erickson-Gini 2002; 2010: 17-19, 88-91).

Erickson-Gini and Israel (2013:41-42) report that evidence was found for an early 2nd century CE earthquake at Sha'ar Ramon perhaps based on rebuilding evidence as they state that there is ample evidence of the immediate reconstruction of buildings at Moyat Awad, Sha'ar Ramon, and Horvat Dafit.

Bar-Oz, G., Galili, Roy, Fuks, Daniel, Erickson-Gini, Tali, Tepper, Yotam, Shamir, Nofar, Avni, Gideon (2022). "Caravanserai middens on desert roads: a new perspective on the Nabataean–Roman trade network across the Negev." Antiquity 96(387): 592-610.

Cohen, R. (1982). "New Light on the Date of the Petra-Gaza Road." The Biblical Archaeologist 45(4): 240-247.

Erickson-Gini and Israel (2013). "Excavating the Nabataean Incense Road." Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies 1(1): 24-53.