Stratum VIIA Earthquake (?) - Late Bronze Age
Marco et al. (2006) documented extension
cracks and displaced ashlar blocks in the Late
Bronze Age Gate, noting that the ashlars shifted
“sub-parallel to the N–S trend of the wall.” They further observed that the
gate lacked a foundation, rendering it
vulnerable to seismic damage.
Unfortunately, this compelling archaeoseismic
evidence lacks a reliable
terminus ante quem, allowing
only the conclusion that the event post-dates
ca. 1200 BCE and may be attributable to the
~950 BCE Stratum IVA seismic episode.
Marco et al. (2006) also reported that “stone
plates in the roof of Schumacher’s Chamber F are fractured at 90°.” This
presumed roof collapse similarly lacks a
reliable terminus ante quem and could
reflect either a Late Bronze Age earthquake or
a later event, such as the ~950 BCE Stratum IVA
seismic episode.
Kleiman et al. (2023:4) note that “the
destruction of the Late Bronze III city
(Stratum VIIA) in the second half of the 12th
century BCE was partial and did not lead to
radical changes in either the spatial
organization of the settlement or its material
culture.”
Kleiman et al. (2023:34) further observe that “to date,
signs of destruction were documented mainly in
the area of the palace in Area AA and partially
in Area M (Level M-6, see Finkelstein 2013a:
234), as well as in the domestic quarter in Area
K (Level K-6, see Arie and Nativ 2013)”.
Israel Finkelstein in Adams et al.
(2013, Vol. 3:1335–1336) instead appears to suggest
that the destruction of Stratum VIIA resulted
from human agency.