Marco et al. (2006) reported tilted columns and a tilted floor, which they attributed to probable "catastrophic horizontal shaking" and classified as an earthquake event "beyond doubt". They proposed a terminus post quem in the Early Iron II (Stratum VA–IVB) and a terminus ante quem at Level L-2 (Stratum IVA), noting that the northern stables were unaffected. This constrains the event to a narrow interval between 835 and 800 BCE, or "perhaps a bit later (?)". They further attributed "an ash horizon overlain by collapsed mud-bricks in Area H" to the same seismic episode.