End of Period III Earthquake

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Period III ended when “a violent earthquake undoubtedly destroyed [the] entire temple” (Glueck 1965:122). McKenzie et al. (2013:47, 62) date the end of Period III to the mid-4th century CE and attribute its destruction to the southern 363 CE Cyril Quake. In support of this chronology, McKenzie et al. (2013:159) employ the southern 363 CE Cyril Quake as a terminus ante quem for a group of glass vessels that they date to the 3rd or early-to-mid-4th century CE. This approach suggests that the earthquake date was used to refine the dating of some artefactual remains, rather than the artefacts independently establishing the earthquake chronology. While the attribution of Period III destruction to the 363 CE event remains plausible, the available evidence allows for a broader date range for this seismic destruction within the 3rd–4th centuries CE.

By Jefferson Williams