Baumgarten (2001) excavated a round pottery kiln at Givʿat Arnon near Givati Junction, dated to the 4th–7th centuries CE (Shmueli, 2013). Langgut et al. (2015) report that four fired Late Roman Amphorae – similar to those from Yavne – were found inside the kiln’s collapsed firing chamber, covered by a thick layer of aeolian sand. Although Baumgarten (2001) suggested that the kiln was destroyed during operation, possibly due to a technical fault and then abandoned, Langgut et al. (2015) proposed that an earthquake should also be considered as a potential cause of destruction.

Shmueli (2013) excavated Stratum III in a rectangular building (L109, L119) at Givʿat Arnon near Givati Junction in 2011. On the floor, three Gaza jars were found set upside down and broken (Fig. 4), while a fourth jar stood upright but was also broken. Numismatic evidence dated the beginning of the settlement to the 4th–5th centuries CE, with construction and use of the rectangular building continuing through the 5th–7th centuries CE. In the 7th century, the installation and building went out of use.