Jordan Valley Earthquake Archaeoseismic
Hirschfeld (1993:354) reported significant reconstruction
evidence from the Monastery of Euthymius which likely followed
destruction during the
Jordan Valley Earthquakes of 659/660 CE, consistent with
the seismic destruction mentioned in the
Maronite Chronicle.
Hirschfeld (1993:354) explained that the severity of damage was apparent during
excavation: most of the monastery—except the crypt,
whose vaults remained intact, and another vault at the
north end of the church—had to be rebuilt after the
earthquake.
Hirschfeld added that the basilical church was reconstructed
over these surviving vaults, which he clarified “are not
Byzantine, as Chitty suggests, but early Muslim.” The new
church floor was decorated with fine mosaic patterns dated
stylistically to the early Muslim period, confirming that the
reconstruction occurred soon after the 659 CE earthquake,
probably in the second half of the 7th century.
Chitty had previously dated the church to 482 CE even
before beginning excavation, but this was contradicted by
Père Savignac, who dated the mosaics to the 7th–8th
centuries. Chitty later reiterated his early date despite this
evidence.