mid 8th Century CE Earthquake
Mlynarczyk (2017) documented destruction
evidence from 2015–2016 excavations, which she attributed
to one of the
749 CE Sabbatical Year Earthquakes. She also
suggested that the collapse of the city wall was caused by the
same seismic event.
In Area 1-S (W) Square 1 (W),
Mlynarczyk (2017:484) observed that Floor F III
rested “in part upon quake-related debris of mostly regular
limestone blocks tumbled in a northerly direction, doubtlessly
from [Wall] W V.” These fallen ashlar blocks lay on a compacted
earthen floor (F IV), approximately 0.65 m below Floor F III.
Ceramic material sealed beneath Floor F IV, which appeared
uncontaminated, was dated to the late Byzantine–Umayyad period,
supporting the interpretation that the collapse was associated
with the 749 CE earthquake.
In Area 1-S Square 9,
Mlynarczyk (2017:489) reported that “the space
between [Walls] W II and W III in the northeastern part of the
trench” was “filled with ashlars tumbled from the wall(s).”
Although this unsealed deposit contained “some intrusive
material of a later (Abbasid) period,” the pottery assemblage
was still interpreted as evidence for destruction caused by the
749 CE Sabbatical Year Earthquakes. The
absence of a floor above the debris indicates that habitation in
“this particular area” ceased following the event.