Tsafrir and Foerster (1997:108–109) argue that archaeological evidence supports Cyril of Jerusalem’s account describing Bet She'an as partially “overthrown” during the 363 CE Cyril Quake. They point to “the rebuilding of several Roman monuments in various locations at the site” as primary evidence of this destruction. According to their analysis, “the stratigraphy, the similar character of the rebuilding, and the distribution of ruined or renovated monuments all over the city center” indicate that “the monuments were damaged at the same time, most likely by an earthquake.” They also note that the subsequent reconstruction “was somewhat inferior to the original second-century construction,” but that its continued adherence to classical forms “proves that the classical tradition was still alive in the late fourth century.” Raphael and Bijovsky (2014:179) likewise attribute the “collapse of the roof of the Bet She'an odeum” and “the partial destruction of the theater” to the same 363 CE Cyril Quake.

Inscriptions help refine the chronology of this rebuilding phase. One inscription records the reconstruction of the nymphaeum adjacent to the temple, which had been “severely damaged” in the earthquake and was rebuilt “from the foundations.” This inscription establishes a terminus ante quem by naming Governor Artemidorus, who may have governed Palestine before its division into three provinces around 390 CE. It also provides a terminus post quem since the inscription was decorated with crosses, which, as noted by Tsafrir and Foerster (1997:108–109), “could not have been incised before the mid-4th century.”