Middle House Earthquake Open site page in a new tab

During the 1975–1977 seasons, Hammond (1978) excavated a location north of the Cardo Maximus and encountered chronologically constrained archaeoseismic evidence attributed to the southern Cyril Quake of 363 CE. Ken Russell served as one of two supervisors and later provided a detailed account of the damage. In the 1976 and 1977 seasons at the “middle house” of Area I, Russell (1980) reports a clear destruction layer containing lamps, shattered ceramics and glass, spindle whorls, and coins. In Room II, a hoard of 85 bronze coins was recovered, of which 45 were identifiable. All identifiable coins were minted during the reign of Constantius II (r. 337–361 CE), and 40 of these were struck after 354 CE. This assemblage provides a clear terminus post quem of 354 CE, pointing to the southern Cyril Quake as the most probable cause of the destruction layer in the middle house at Petra.



By Jefferson Williams