Pseudo-Dionysius of Tell-Mahre
told a moralizing tale of an earthquake that collapsed
a church in
Mabbug, crushing and killing
the congregants of a rival Chalcedonian faction. Before the
earthquake struck, the roar of a distant tremor was felt and
heard the previous night. It sounded
something like the noise of a roaring bull
and
was heard from a great distance
. This auditory detail
provides the chronological key to understanding the
Sabbatical Year Earthquake sequence.
The distant earthquake heard and felt at Mabbug the night
before corresponds to the Holy Desert Quake, which struck
the Sea of Galilee and the Jordan Valley. In
Pseudo-Dionysius’s account, the following morning a
bishop ordered his congregation to assemble and march to
the church to pray. He declared that the previous tremor
had occurred because of people’s sins — a moral
interpretation common in Christian literature of this
period. Once the congregation had entered the church and
begun to pray, another earthquake struck, causing the
building to collapse and killing everyone inside, including
the bishop. They were all crushed,
as if in a wine-press
.
The time required to gather the congregation, march to the
church, and begin an impromptu service suggests that this
second earthquake at
Mabbug occurred in mid-morning,
coinciding with the
fourth hour (~10 a.m.) mentioned by
several Byzantine authors for the Holy Desert Quake. This
indicates that the Talking Mule Quake struck at ~10 a.m.,
while the Holy Desert Quake occurred the night before. It
appears that in the “eastern source” used by later Byzantine
chroniclers, the timing of these two events was inadvertently
transposed.