Several Syriac chronicles preserve detailed accounts of the
Sabbatical Year Earthquakes of 749 CE, offering rich
narratives of their effects. Among these, both
Michael the Syrian
and
Chronicon Ad Annum 1234
provide extensive descriptions of seismic effects, primarily
associated with the Talking Mule Quake. Their information
likely derived from the mostly lost chronicle of
Dionysius of Tell Mahre,
whose own source in turn may have been the entirely lost
chronicle of
Theophilus of Edessa.
In his preface,
Dionysius of Tell Mahre
explicitly states that he used
Theophilus of Edessa
as a source
(
Hoyland, 1997: 416–419).
Theophilus, then in his fifties and residing in the region,
was a contemporary witness to the Sabbatical Year
Earthquakes. He later served as court astrologer to
Al-Mahdi, the third Abbasid
Caliph. At the time of the earthquakes, Al-Mahdi was only
four or five years old and living near the southern Arava at
Humeima. Theophilus would
therefore have possessed direct, first-hand knowledge of
these events.
Through the transmission of his work via Dionysius of Tell-Mahre,
Theophilus appears to have provided a substantial foundation
of seismic information — subsequently filtered through later
compilations into the accounts of Michael the Syrian, the
Chronicon Ad Annum 1234, and possibly other sources.
Although the Chronicle of Theophilus is now lost,
Hoyland (2011) has attempted
to reconstruct it from dependent materials, and that
reconstruction is presented in this catalog.