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Posidonius as quoted in Geographicum by Strabo

Background and Biography
Biography - Strabo

Biography - Posidonius

Excerpts

Strabo (~ 64 BC – ~ 24 AD), in his book Geographicum, using Posidonius (~135 BC – ~ 51 BC) as his source, reports on an earthquake which destroyed two thirds of Sidon and was felt moderately over all of Syria.
English from Jones and Sterrett (1916)

And in Phoenicia, says Poseidonius, on the occasion of an earthquake, a city situated above Sidon was swallowed up, and nearly two-thirds of Sidon itself was engulfed too, but not all at once, so that no considerable destruction of human life took place. The same operation of nature extended also over the whole of Syria, but with rather moderate force; and it also passed over to certain islands, both the Cyclades and Euboea, with the result that the fountains of Arethusa (a spring in Chalcis) were stopped up, though after many days they gushed up at another mouth, and the island did not cease from being shaken in some part or other until a chasm in the earth opened in the Lelantine Plain and vomited forth a river of fiery lava.

Chronology

This earthquake is not well dated. As noted by Ambraseys (2009) and others, Book I Chapter 3 by Strabo is not ordered chronologically. It is ordered thematically. However, because the account of an earthquake near Sidon is (mistakenly) conflated with earthquakes in the Cyclades, Euboea, and Chalcis along with a volcanic eruption in the Lelantine Plain, the dates of these alleged events might help estimate the date of the Posidonius Quake near Sidon. Ambraseys (2009) suggests that the earthquake in the Cyclades refers to an earthquake that caused damage in the nearby Dodecanese which he dates to the second century BCE based on several inscriptions reported by Roberts (1978).

Seismic Effects
  • And in Phoenicia, says Poseidonius, on the occasion of an earthquake, a city situated above Sidon was swallowed up, and nearly two-thirds of Sidon itself was engulfed too, but not all at once, so that no considerable destruction of human life took place
  • The same operation of nature extended also over the whole of Syria, but with rather moderate force
Locations Online Versions and Further Reading
References

Strabo

Posidonius